The Australian National University
Department of Mathematics
PhB projects
document location: http://wwwmaths.anu.edu.au/DoM/phb/index.html

The Ph.B. program in Mathematics

Below are some suggested topics for Advanced Studies Courses (ASCs) for PhB students. The list is certainly not exhaustive and students are encouraged to come up with their own topics if they wish. The topics are listed approximately in increasing order of prerequisites.
Suggestion: if you don't understand some of the mathematical terms used in the description of an advanced studies course, try looking them up at Wikipedia, which generally has accurate and informative mathematics entries.

Title of ASC

Brief description

Suitable for

Contact

Introduction to Group theory Investigate elementary properties of groups, classify abelian groups, and investigate some applications (such as finite reflection groups and symmetries of Euclidean spaces). First year students taking math1115/6, second year Bryan Wang
Hyperbolic geometry Study one of the classic non-Euclidean geometries, two-dimensional hyperbolic space, using a simple model. First year with math1116, or second year Andrew Hassell
Construction of optimal experimental designs Experimental designs are used in a wide range of practical situations, for example from field trials through to bridge tournaments. The construction of optimal experimental designs has a long history in combinatorics. More recently progress has been made on unsolved problems with a combination of theory and computing. Balanced Howell designs are used in bridge tournaments and there are a number of optimal designs waiting to be found or disproved. This project is to look at methods for the construction of optimal experimental designs and investigate approaches for unsolved problems. First year students taking math 1115/6 Emlyn Williams
Penrose tilings Investigate the basic properties of aperiodic tilings of the plane. Could be done by first year students Adam Rennie
The Bootstrap The bootstrap is an important statistical tool which can be viewed as a simulation-based method of constructing statistical inferences. It provides a simple, practical way of making inferences and also throws light on the ideas of statistical inference. Several different projects can be constructed in this area, including applying the bootstrap in different problems and the empirical evaluation of bootstrap methods. First year students doing math 1115/1116 Alan Welsh
Smoothing Smoothing is a basic technique in Statistics which is used to remove variation and noise to show the broad overall structure. There are a variety of ways of approaching smoothing. Projects can involve applying and exploring (theoretically or empirically) one or more of the approaches. First year students doing math 1115/1116 Alan Welsh
Smoothing and rendering Smoothing has a wide variety of applications including medical imaging, data mining and 3D rendering (also see the Advanced Studies Course offered by Allen Welsh). Finding the smoother is computationally expensive, particularly when dealing with large data sets, and applications such as medical imaging require real time results. The project looks at several issues related to the difficulties of calculating the smoother, including efficient linear solvers, different discretisation techniques and high dimensional data sets. Some programming experience is beneficial. Prerequisite: math 1116 Linda Stals
Nash's papers on game theory Learn some basic game theory and read some of Nobel prizewinner John Nash's classic papers on the subject. Second year, with or after math2320 Andrew Hassell
Metric spaces and operators This project will study metrics on spaces defined using commutators with a distinguished `Dirac' operator. For the simplest finite spaces, this project requires only a knowledge of matrix algebra. Since the mathematics gets more complex and sophisticated as the space becomes more complicated, this project can be undertaken in any year. Any year Adam Rennie
Fermat's Last Theorem Higher arithmetic. The failure of unique factorization in generalized number systems. Integer and rational solutions to algebraic equations. Fermat's Last Theorem. Add on to math 2322 or math3345, or a stand-alone ASC James Borger
Crystallographic groups Investigate the relation between group theory and repeating "crystal" patterns in 1, 2, and 3 dimensions Add-on to math2322 James Borger
Spherical data Spherical data consist of observations on the surface of a hypersphere which can be treated as unit vectors in space. Thus the sample space is a circle in 2-dimensions, a sphere in 3-dimensions and special methods which take into account the structure of the sample space are needed to model the data. This course is based on topics in modelling spherical data. A good recent reference to the topic is Mardia and Jupp (2000, Directional Statistics). Prerequisite: Stat2001 Alan Welsh
Topics in Cox Proportional Hazards Model Since its introduction in 1972, the Cox proportional hazards model has become the workhorse model for the analysis of censored survival data. This course is based on topics around the Cox proportional hazards model. Depending on the level of background knowledge of the student, the course may begin with introductory topics and then consider more advanced topics such as time dependent variables, dropout, errors in variables, dependence and robustness. An indication of the level of the course is given by the text Therneau and Grambsch (2000, Modelling Survival Data). Prerequisite: Stat2001 Alan Welsh
Simulation studies Simulation is a powerful tool for checking the properties of statistical models in situations where theoretical results are unavailable. Additionally, it can be a useful source of insight in the exploration of theoretical results. Applications that will be explored include models that allow for dependence and the effects of variable selection in classification and/or regression problems. Prerequisite: stat2001 John Maindonald
Review of selected data mining literature Investigate the handling of problems of inference in the data mining literature, and draw comparisons with the approaches that have been favored by statisticians. Prerequisite: stat2001 John Maindonald
Topics in dynamical systems, stability, and chaos In this reading program we will review aspects of the mathematics of dynamical systems, stability, and chaos within a historical framework that draws together the two major threads of its early development: celestial mechanics and control theory, and focusing on qualitative theory. From this perspective we will study how concepts of stability enable us to classify dynamical equations and their solutions and connect the key issues of nonlinearity, bifurcation, control, and uncertainty that are common to time-dependent problems in natural and engineered systems. Building on this foundation, we may investigate new problems involving stability of complex networks. Students with first year + some second year maths. A good background study for MATH3062. Rowena Ball
Polynomial Hulls of Sets in Complex Euclidean Space Compute the polynomial hull of various sets in complex n-space, n at least 2. Prerequisite: complex variables Alexander Isaev
Galois theory in topology Explore the analogy between the Galois theory of fields and the theory of covering spaces in topology Add-on to math3345 James Borger
The statistics of point clouds Given a cloud of points in R^n, try to find a pattern, to describe the shape that they fill out in space. The subject is still very new, but there are attempts to compute geometric invariants, ranging from homology to finer invariants, such as curvature. Some background in geometry and/or algebraic topology would be useful. Amnon Neeman
Elliptic curves A cubic equation in the plane has solutions which satisfy a group law. These are called elliptic curves. At a very basic level one could look at the situation over finite fields, where everything is very hands-on and computable, and where the subject plays a key role in cryptography. Fancier versions would involve looking at it over the integers, where the problems are much harder; they touch on very modern mathematics, ranging from the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem to the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer. Prerequisite: math2322 Amnon Neeman
Numerical Simulations of Plasma Flow Physicists are interested in studying the behaviour of any instabilities that arise in plasma flows. In order to properly characterise such behaviour numerical simulations must be carried out over long periods of time and this places a large, sometimes impossible, demand on computational resources. The project will explore the theory and implementation of various ODE solvers with the aim of reducing the computation time. Some programming experience is preferred. math2305/2405 Linda Stals
Introduction to Differential Topology Obtain topological invariants of spaces such as the degree of a map and the genus of a surface using geometry and analysis. Reference: John W. Milnor "Topology from the differential viewpoint". Prerequisite: math2320 Bryan Wang
Introduction to Dirac operators Clifford algebras and Clifford modules; Spin structures and Dirac operators, their geometric properties, and some examples, possibly including Witten's proof of the positive mass theorem Prereq: math2320, math2322 Bryan Wang
Differential forms and de Rham cohomology Reference: "Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology" by Bott and Tu. Pre/corequisite: math 3344 Bryan Wang
Exotic smooth structures on spheres Investigate why spheres of dimension 7 or more have finitely many, but more than one smooth structure Pre/corequisite: math 3344 Bryan Wang
From chaos to structure in turbulent plasma and planetary flows. There is a recent upsurge of interest world-wide in the self-structuring properties of quasi two-dimensional flows, motivated by the need to control transport in next-step fusion energy experiments and understand variations in planetary circulations mediated by climate change. What is the deeper physics behind the remarkable fact that in such flows ordered structures and patterns can arise from chaotic or turbulent fluid motions? Since thermodynamics tells us that disorder or entropy tends to increase, such behaviour may seem counterintuitive. In this module we shall study equations of motion for planetary flows in the geostrophic approximation and for magnetic fusion plasmas in the electrostatic approximation, and compare and contrast the physics expressed by each system. math2405/2305 plus some physics Rowena Ball
The Banach-Tarski Paradox Use the axiom of choice to slice up and re-glue an apple into two apples of the same size! math 3320 Adam Rennie
The Riemann zeta function and the distribution of primes Dirichlet's theorem on primes in an arithmetic progression, Riemann zeta function, distribution of prime numbers. Second or third year student James Borger
Graph C*-Algebras Study the definition and basic properties of graph C*-algebras. These are amongst the easiest C*-algebras to visualise and study, and yet are generic enough to give a good idea how C*-algebras behave in general. Prerequisite: math 3320 Adam Rennie
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